The Mediating Role of Women Entrepreneurial Intention on the Relationship Between Women Entrepreneurial Attitude and Social Innovation

International Journal of Business Society, Vol. 5, Issue 9
Mohammed Ahmed Bashir BiraimaDr. Abdelsalam Adam Hamid*El Sheikh Mohammed El khidir
entrepreneurial attitudeentrepreneurial intentionsocial innovation
PDFRegular IssueDOI: 10.30566/ijo-bs/2021.11.67
5Volume
9Issue

Abstract

Purpose:This study investigates the mediating role of entrepreneurial intention on the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and social innovation. Although the significance of women entrepreneurial attitude and behaviour still lacks in this area, this study adopted the theory of planned behaviour to investigate these phenomena. Methodology: the descriptive methodology has been applied. The survey was the data collection tool from a non-probability sample of Sudanese entrepreneurial women in Khartoum state with a sample size of 310 respondents (entrepreneurial women). This study used intentional sampling methods. The data collected from the respondent was prepared and analysed by SPSS software AMOS. Findings: the results of the study showed that entrepreneurial attitude has a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial intention is partially mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and social innovation. Implications for theory and practice: the findings of this study indicate and confirm the role of entrepreneurial attitude on entrepreneurial intention and social innovation according to TPB. From a practice point of view, the study tested how Sudanese women’s attitudes can develop Entrepreneurial intention. Originality and value: the main contribution of the study is the framework and the context of the study third world perspective.

References

[1]

Anwar, I., Jamal, M. T., Saleem, I., & Thoudam, P. (2021). Traits and entrepreneurial intention: testing the mediating role of entrepreneurial attitude and self-efficacy. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 13(1), 40-60.

[2]

Ali, M., & Abou, E. A. E. E. (2020). Determinants of entrepreneurial intention among Sudanese university students. Management Science Letters, 10(12), 2849-2860.

[3]

Altınay, L. (2008). The relationship between an entrepreneur’s culture and the entrepreneurial behavior of the firm. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(1), 111–129.

[4]

Ajzen, I. (1988). Attitudes, personality and behavior. Open Press University, Buckingham, England.

[5]

Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality and behavior. 2nd ed. England: Open University Press (McGraw-Hill).

[6]

Ajzen, I. (2011). Theory of planned behavior. Available at http://people.umass.edu/aizen/tpb.html, accessed 21 May 2013.

[7]

Ariff, M., & Abubakar, S. Y. (2003). Strengthening entrepreneurship in Malaysia.

[8]

Autio, E., Keeley, H., Klofsten, R.M., Parker, G.C. & Hay, M. (2001). Entrepreneurial intent among students in Scandinavia and in the USA. Enterprise and Innovation Management Studies, 2(2), 145–160.

[9]

Anwar, I., Saleem, I., Islam, K.B., Thoudam, P. & Khan, R. (2020). Entrepreneurial intention among female university students: examining the moderating role of entrepreneurial education. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 12(4), 217–234.

[10]

Aries, A., Vional, V., Saraswati, L., Wijaya, L. & Ikhsan, R. (2020). Gamification in learning process and its impact on entrepreneurial intention. Management Science Letters, 10(4), 763-768.

[11]

Ahmed, I., Nawaz, M. M., Ahmad, Z., Shaukat, M. Z., Usman, A., Rehman, W., & Ahmed, N. (2010). Determinants of students entrepreneurial career intentions: Evidence from business graduates. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(2), 14-22.

[12]

Al-Nashmi, M. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurial characteristics on the intention of administrative sciences students to start new ventures - University of Science and Technology. The Arab Journal for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, 10(5), 103-119.

[13]

Abou, E.E., Ibrahim, S.B. & Hamid, A. (2018). What Makes an Entrepreneurs Success in business? GCNU Journal, 11(43), 213-233.

[14]

Anwar, I., Saleem, I., Islam, K.B., Thoudam, P. & Khan, R. (2020). Entrepreneurial intention among female university students: examining the moderating role of entrepreneurial education. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 12(4), 217–234.

[15]

Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587-598.

[16]

Bird, B. (1988). Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: The case for intention. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 442-453.

[17]

Baron, R. A., & Markman, G. D. (2003). Beyond social capital: The role of entrepreneurs' social competence in their financial success. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(1), 41-60.

[18]

Bourne, L. (2011). Advising upwards: Managing the perceptions and expectations of senior management stakeholders. Management Decision, 49, 1001-1023.

[19]

Cruz, L.D., Suprapti, S., Yasa, K. (2015). Aplikasi Theory Of Planned Behavior Dalam Membangkitkan Niat Berwirausaha Bagi Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Unpaz, Dili Timor Leste. E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 4(12), 895-920.

[20]

Churchill, N. and Bygrave, W.D. (1989). The entrepreneurship paradigm (I): a philosophical look at its research methodologies. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 14(1), 7-26.

[21]

Collins, C. J., Hanges, P. J., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of achievement motivation to entrepreneurial behavior: A meta-analysis. Human Performance, 17(1), 95-117.

[22]

Chia, C. C., & Liang, C. (2016). Influence of creativity and social capital on the entrepreneurial intention of tourism students. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 12(2), 151–168.

[23]

Carland, J. W., Carland, J. C., Hoy, F., & Boulton, W. R. (1988). Distinctions between entrepreneurial and small business ventures. International Journal of Management, 5(1), 98-103.

[24]

Carland, J. W., Hoy, F., Boulton, W. R., & Carland, J. C. (1984). Differentiating entrepreneurs from small business owners: A conceptualization. Academy of Management Review, 9(2), 354-359.

[25]

Christensen, C.M. (2002). The Innovator's Dilemma: The Revolutionary Book That Will Change the Way You Do Business. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

[26]

Cromie, S. (2000). Assessing entrepreneurial inclinations: some approaches empirical evidence. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(1), 7–30.

[27]

Carsrud, A., & Brannback, M. (2011). Entrepreneurial motivations: What do we still need to know? Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 9–26.

[28]

Drazin, R., & Schoonhoven, C. B. (1996). Community, population, and organization effects on innovation: A multilevel perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1065-1083.

[29]

Duong, C., Nguyen, H., Ngo, T., Nguyen, V., & Nguyen, T. (2020). The impact of individual and environmental characteristics on students’ entrepreneurial intention. Management Science Letters, 10(3), 599-608.

[30]

Elhag, M. M., & Abd Elmawla, M. A. (2020). Gender-based assessment of science, technology and innovations ecosystem in the Sudan. African Journal of Rural Development, 5(1), 97-113.

[31]

Entrialgo, M., Fernandez, E. & Vazquez, C. (2000). Characteristics of managers as determinants of entrepreneurial orientation: some Spanish evidence. Enterprise and Innovation Management Studies, 1(2), 187–205.

[32]

Fani, M. P., Morteza, V., & Zadeh, M. H. (2009). Factors affecting entrepreneurial attitudes of MA students in Islamic Azad University (Babol Branch). European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2(3), 1407-1408.

[33]

Fadaee, A., Abd. A., Haitham, O. (2014). Explaining the Relationship between Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Economy, Management and Social Sciences, 3(12), 2-3.

[34]

Fagerberg, J., & Sapprasert, K. (2011). National innovation systems: the emergence of a new approach. Science and Public Policy, 38(9), 669-679.

[35]

Geissler, G., & Zanger, K. (2013). A comparative study on entrepreneurial intentions of vocational school and undergraduate students with entrepreneurship education. Journal of International Scientific Publications, 9, 203-209.

[36]

Gürol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students. Education + Training, 48(1), 25-38.

[37]

GERA (2017). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2016-2017 Global Report.

[38]

Gozukara, I., & Colakoglu, N. (2016). Enhancing entrepreneurial intention and innovativeness of university students: the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. International Business Research, 9(2), 34-45.

[39]

Hisrich, R. D., Peters, P. M., & Shepard, D. A. (2008). Entrepreneurship. Singapore: McGraw Hill International Edition.

[40]

Henley, A. (2007). Entrepreneurial aspiration and transition into self-employment: evidence from British longitudinal data. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 19(3), 253–280.

[41]

Herdjiono, I., Puspa, Y. H., Maulany, G., & ALDY, E. (2017). The factors affecting entrepreneurship intention. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 2(5), 7-9.

[42]

Hansemark, O.C. (1998). The effects of an entrepreneurship programme on need for achievement and locus of control of reinforcement. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 4(1), 28–50.

[43]

Jean, P. G. L., Hendrati, D. M., Veland, R. (2018). The mediating effects of social entrepreneurial antecedents on the relationship between prior experience and social entrepreneurial intent: The case of Filipino and Indonesian university students. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management.

[44]

Kautonen, T., & Gelderen, M. V. (2013). Robustness of the Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Actions.

[45]

Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behavior. Entrepreneurship Regional Development, 5(4), 315–330.

[46]

Kusmintarti, A., Asdani, A., & Riwajan ti, N. I. (2017). The relationship between creativity, entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention (case study on the students of State Polytechnic Malang). International Journal of Trade and Global Markets, 10(1), 28-36.

[47]

Kris, M. Y. L., & Kristian, B. (2016). Impacts of innovativeness and attitude on entrepreneurial intention: among engineering and non-engineering students. Int J Technol Des Educ.

[48]

Khajeheian, D., & Tadayoni, R. (2016). User innovation in public service broadcasts: creating public value by media entrepreneurship. International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, 14(2), 117–131.

[49]

Kusmintarti, A., Thoyib, A., Ashar, K., and Maskie, G. (2014). The relationships among entrepreneurial characteristics, entrepreneurial attitude, and entrepreneurial intention. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(6),11-15.

[50]

Koh, H. C. (1996). Testing hypotheses of entrepreneurial characteristics: A study of Hong Kong MBA students. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 11(3), 12-25.

[51]

Linan, F. (2008). Skill and value perceptions: how do they affect entrepreneurial intentions? International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4(3), 257-272.

[52]

Lacap, J. P. G., Mulyaningsih, H. D., Veland, R. (2018). The mediating effects of social entrepreneurial antecedents on the relationship between prior experience and social entrepreneurial intent: The case of Filipino and Indonesian university students. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management.

[53]

Lee, S. H., & Wong, P. K. (2004). An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: A career anchor perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(1), 7-28.

[54]

Luthje, C., & Franke, N. (2003). The ‘making’ of an entrepreneur: Testing a model of entrepreneurial intent among engineering students at MIT. R&D Management, 33, 135–147.

[55]

Iakovleva, T. A., Kolvereid, L., Gorgievski-Duijvesteijn, M. M., Sørhaug, Ø. (2014). Comparison of perceived barriers to entrepreneurship in Eastern and Western European countries. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 18(2/3), 115-133.

[56]

McGee, J. E., Peterson, M., Mueller, S. L., & Sequeira, J. M. (2009). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: refining the measure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 965-988.

[57]

Mohamed, Z., Rezai, G., Nasir, S. M., & Muhammad, Mu’az M. (2012). Enhancing young graduates’ intention towards entrepreneurship development in Malaysia. Education+ Training, 54(7), 605-618.

[58]

Mcbeth, E. W., & Rimac, T. (2004). The Age of Entrepreneurial Turbulence, Creating Sustainable Advantage for Individuals, Organizations and Societies in the New Century. ESADE MBA BUSINESS REVIEW.

[59]

Mulgan, G. (2006). The process of social innovation. Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization, 1(2), 145–162.

[60]

Mohd. S. H. D. Hoe, C Hee, N. H, Oii Y.K.; Shuymee, A.; Hasbah. B.; Norita, Rosli, M.; Armanurah, M.; Lily, J. A. B.; Muhammad, N. M. H. (2005). Asas Keusahawanan. Kuala Lumpur: Thomson Learning.

[61]

Mwiya, B., Wang, Y., Kaulungombe, B., & Kayekesi, M. (2018). Exploring entrepreneurial intention’s mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and nascent behaviour: Evidence from Zambia. Africa Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(4), 466-485.

[62]

Mitrovic, V. S., Maric, M., Subotic, M., Dudic, B., & Greguš, M. (2019). Family Entrepreneurship and Personal Career Preferences as the Factors of Differences in the Development of Entrepreneurial Potential of Students. Sustainability, 11(20), 5693.

[63]

Olszewska, A. (2015). Students’ perceptions and attitudes towards entrepreneurship, a cross-program and cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS), 4(1), 597-610.

[64]

Rezaei, N., & Peykani, M. H. (2017). The Mediating Role of the Entrepreneurial Intention in the Relationship between Critical Thinking and Employee Productivity Telecommunication Company of Isfahan. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(3), 221-222.

[65]

Räty, H., Komulainen, K., Hytti, U., Kasanen, K., Siivonen, P., & Kozlinska, I. (2019). University students’ perceptions of their abilities relate to their entrepreneurial intent. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 11(4), 897-909.

[66]

Rasli, A. M., Khan, S.U., Malekifar, S., & Jabeen, S. (2013). Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention Among Graduate Students of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(2), 182-188.

[67]

Robinson, P. B., Stimpson, D. V., Huefner, J. C., & Hunt, H. K. (1991). An attitude approach to the prediction of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13-31.

[68]

Sudipa, M., & Damodharan, V. (2012). Students’ attitude towards entrepreneurship: does gender matter in the UAE? Foresight, 15(4), 278-293.

[69]

Sharahiley, S. M. (2020). Examining entrepreneurial intention of the Saudi Arabia’s university students: Analyzing alternative integrated research model of TPB and EEM. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 21(1), 18-20.

[70]

Sutha, A. I., & Sankar, P. (2016). Entrepreneurial intention and social entrepreneurship among university students in Chennai city. International Journal of Engineering Studies, 1, 93-106.

[71]

Sacral, H. C. (2017). The Relationship between Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Entrepreneurial Intention. EPSBS.

[72]

Sulatn, S. M. (2016). Availability Level of Entrepreneurial Characteristics and its Relationship to Some Personal Variables: An Empirical Study on Undergraduate Students Business Administration in the Southern West Bank Universities. IUG Journal of Economics and Business Studies, 24(2), 102-123.

[73]

Sayadi, S., Chamanifard, R., & Nikpour, A. (2015). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between intellectual capital and employee productivity. Journal of Productivity Management, 34, 44-27.

[74]

Utsch, A., & Rauch, A. (2000). Innovativeness and initiative as mediators between achievement orientation and venture performance. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(1), 45–62.

[75]

Wathanakom, J., Songkram, N., & Songkram, N. (2020). The study of the causal relationship between innovativeness and entrepreneurial intention among undergraduate students. J Innov Entrep, 9(1), 1-13.

[76]

Utami, C. W. (2017). Investigate the Attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior, entrepreneurship education and self-efficacy towards entrepreneurial intention university student in Indonesia. European Research Studies Journal, 20(24), 475-495.

[77]

Yan, H.D., & Hu, M.C. (2008). Strategic entrepreneurship and the growth of the firm: the case of Taiwan's bicycle industry. Global Business and Economics Review, 10(1), 11-34.

[78]

Zhao, F. (2005). Exploring the synergy between entrepreneurship and innovation. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 11(1), 25-41.

Article Information

Article Details
Volume & IssueVol. 5, Iss. 9
Publication DateNov 10, 2021
Authors
Mohammed Ahmed Bashir Biraima
Dr. Abdelsalam Adam Hamid*
El Sheikh Mohammed El khidir
DOI
10.30566/ijo-bs/2021.11.67
PDF Download
The Mediating Role of Women Entrepreneurial Intention on the Relationship Between Women Entrepreneurial Attitude and Social Innovation | International Journal of Business Society